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Coal Beneficiation in India

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INTRODUCTION

Indian coals, in general are inferior in quality and difficult in cleaning characteristics, The Beneficiation circuit of the washing plants installed in 1960’s did not include coal fines upgradation due to their acceptable quality.The depletion of good quality reserves and deterioration of quality due to open cast mines called for coal fines upgradation containing high ash. The coal fines are normally enriched with vitrinite, a component to increase the coking propensity and hence their presence in total cleans is essential

INDIAN SCENARIO OF COKING COAL PLANTS

Prior to 1950, there were no Beneficiation plants, since selective mining was in practice. 9 The first Indian coal washery was set up at West Bokaro in 1951, followed by the second one installed at Jamadoba in 1952 – both by M/s Tata Iron and Steel Limited. The third washery came up at Lodna colliery by M/s Turner Morrison in 1955. A large washery in the public sector was commissioned at Kargali by NCDC in 1958. 9 Five Central washeries were set up by Hindustan Steel Limited on the recommendation of coal washeries committee during the period from 1960 to 1968

PROBLEMS IN EXISTING COAL BENEFICIATION PLANTS

Increased production from Lower Seams.Enhanced supplies from mechanical opencast mine consisting considerable proportions of free dirt, boulders and other lumpy extraneous materials.Increased proportions of fines below 0.5 mm in the feed Change in the seam wise composition in feed with the inclusion of lower horizons, the generation of sinks material has increased considerably leading to operational problems in the circuit and lowering washery availability. This also poses handling and disposal problem .