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Manganese beneficiation introduction

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Manganese metal is frequently produced by preparing a solution of manganous sulfate from ore that has been reduction roasted, and electrolyzing is a typical production process of manganese metal from ore. Manganese ore is roasted to reduce the higher oxides to manganese oxide. Slag from the production of high carbon ferromanganese may also supply manganese oxide. The reduced ore or slag is leached with sulfuric acid to produce manganese sulfate. Impurities, such as iron and aluminum, are precipitated and filtered. Other metal impurities are removed as sulfides, by introducing hydrogen sulfide gas. Either ferrous or ammonium sulfide and air are added to remove colloidal sulfur, colloidal metallic sulfides, and organic matter. The purified liquid is put into a diaphragm cell, and electrolyzed. The manganese metal deposits on the cathode in a thin layer, which is brittle and extremely pure. Manganese m etal can also be made electrolytically by fused-salt electrolysis. Manganese ore that has been reduced to the manganese level is charged to an electrolytic cell which contains molten calcium fluoride and lime. Fused electrolyte is periodically removed, as the volume of fused electrolyte increases.